{"id":2350,"date":"2023-05-21T20:58:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-21T20:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fezaa.com\/?p=2350"},"modified":"2025-04-07T21:04:21","modified_gmt":"2025-04-07T21:04:21","slug":"proces-philippe-manier-les-racines-europeennes-du-genocide-sont-lourdes-affirme-un-temoin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fezaa.com\/?p=2350","title":{"rendered":"Proc\u00e8s Philippe Manier : \u00ab Les racines europ\u00e9ennes du g\u00e9nocide sont lourdes \u00bb, affirme un t\u00e9moin"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong><em>Lors du proc\u00e8s de Philippe Hategekimana Manier, un t\u00e9moin a soulign\u00e9 le poids des racines europ\u00e9ennes dans le g\u00e9nocide contre les Tutsi. St\u00e9phane Audouin-Rouzeau, qui se pr\u00e9sente comme enseignant-chercheur et sp\u00e9cialiste de la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale, a \u00e9voqu\u00e9 les th\u00e9ories racistes et racialistes europ\u00e9ennes \u00e0 l\u2019origine des grands g\u00e9nocides du 20e si\u00e8cle. Ces th\u00e9ories, bas\u00e9es sur une hi\u00e9rarchie des races, ont influenc\u00e9 la perception des premiers Europ\u00e9ens arriv\u00e9s au Rwanda.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Audouin-Rouzeau a rappel\u00e9 que ces colons, ne comprenant pas la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 clanique rwandaise, ont cr\u00e9\u00e9 un mythe : \u00ab Les Hutu sont les premiers occupants, les Tutsi sont venus du Nord. \u00bb Selon lui, le colonisateur belge porte une grande responsabilit\u00e9 dans cette situation. En soutenant les Tutsi, il a engendr\u00e9 une immense frustration, suivie de massacres en 1959, 1963 et d\u2019autres \u00e9v\u00e9nements tragiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Les ingr\u00e9dients n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 un g\u00e9nocide<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le t\u00e9moin a \u00e9galement soulign\u00e9 qu\u2019un \u00c9tat moderne est indispensable pour orchestrer un g\u00e9nocide. Il a cit\u00e9 l\u2019Empire ottoman, l\u2019\u00c9tat nazi et le gouvernement int\u00e9rimaire rwandais form\u00e9 les 7 et 8 avril 1994 avec l\u2019aide de l\u2019ambassade de France \u00e0 Kigali. Ce gouvernement int\u00e9rimaire a organis\u00e9 le g\u00e9nocide en s\u2019appuyant sur une administration et une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fortement structur\u00e9es : pr\u00e9fets, bourgmestres, conseillers de secteur et de cellule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Au Rwanda, o\u00f9 chacun sait qui est Hutu ou Tutsi, le t\u00e9moin a mis en lumi\u00e8re le r\u00f4le crucial de la garde pr\u00e9sidentielle, de la gendarmerie et des miliciens dans la mise en \u0153uvre du g\u00e9nocide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>L\u2019impact de la colonisation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Interrog\u00e9 par le pr\u00e9sident de la cour, Jean-Marc Lavergne, le t\u00e9moin a pr\u00e9cis\u00e9 plusieurs points. Il a notamment \u00e9voqu\u00e9 l\u2019influence de la pens\u00e9e europ\u00e9enne et de la colonisation, qui a introduit des livrets, puis des cartes d\u2019identit\u00e9 mentionnant l\u2019ethnie d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but du 20e si\u00e8cle. Ces cartes ont conduit de nombreuses personnes \u00e0 la mort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00ab Parler d\u2019ethnie au Rwanda, c\u2019est un abus de langage cr\u00e9\u00e9 par le colonisateur et adopt\u00e9 par les Rwandais eux-m\u00eames. Les Rwandais appartenaient \u00e0 des clans. Hutu et Tutsi \u00e9taient des cat\u00e9gories sociales dont on pouvait changer avant l\u2019\u00e9tablissement des cartes d\u2019identit\u00e9. Le colonisateur a fait des Hutu et des Tutsi des races diff\u00e9rentes \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 le t\u00e9moin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Les accusations contre Philippe Manier<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Philippe Manier est accus\u00e9 d\u2019avoir \u00e9rig\u00e9 et contr\u00f4l\u00e9 des barri\u00e8res sous la responsabilit\u00e9 des gendarmes, d\u2019avoir orchestr\u00e9 le meurtre du bourgmestre Nyagasaza, ainsi que les massacres des collines de Nyabubare et de Nyamure dans la commune de Ntyazo le 27 avril 1994. Il est \u00e9galement poursuivi pour entente en vue de commettre le g\u00e9nocide, notamment par sa participation \u00e0 des r\u00e9unions et aux massacres \u00e0 l\u2019ISAR Songa, des faits requalifi\u00e9s suite \u00e0 l\u2019appel du CPCR.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lors du proc\u00e8s de Philippe Hategekimana Manier, un t\u00e9moin a soulign\u00e9 le poids des racines europ\u00e9ennes dans le g\u00e9nocide contre &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2351,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2350","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-francais","latest_post"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Proc\u00e8s Philippe Manier : \u00ab Les racines europ\u00e9ennes du g\u00e9nocide sont lourdes \u00bb, affirme un t\u00e9moin - 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